1/26/2024 0 Comments Cat in initial spelling alphabetBut lexical set BATH (words such as "rather", "dance", and "half") patterns with PALM in some accents including Received Pronunciation, but with TRAP in others including General American. In the original set, a "hook a" or "two-storey a" (a) was used for the vowel in "cat" ( lexical set TRAP), and a "round a" or "one-storey a" (ɑ) for the sound in "father" (lexical set PALM). Later a 45th symbol was added to accommodate accent variation, a form of diaphonemic writing. Note that "d" is made more distinctively different from "b" than is usual in standard typefaces. The following chart shows the letters of the 44-character version of the I.T.A., with the main pronunciation of each letter indicated by symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet beneath: simply used larger versions of the same lower-case characters. Where capital letters are used in standard spelling, the I.T.A. For example, the name of the backwards "z" letter is "zess".Ī special typeface was created for the I.T.A., whose characters were all lower case (its letter forms were based on Didone types such as Monotype Modern and Century Schoolbook). letters has a name, the pronunciation of which includes the sound that the character stands for. The backwards "z" occurs prominently in many plural forms of nouns and third-person singular present forms of verbs (including is).Įach of the I.T.A. depends on the way the sound is written in standard English spelling, as also whether the sound is written with the ordinary "z" letter or with a special backwards "z" letter (which replaces the "s" of standard spelling where it represents a voiced sound, and which visually resembles an angular form of the letter "s"). So whether the sound is written with the letters "c" or "k" in I.T.A. letter whose main function is to write them. There are two English sounds which each have more than one I.T.A. There is a variant of the "r" to end syllables, which is silent in non-rhotic accents like Received Pronunciation but not in rhotic accents like General American and Scots English (this was the 44th symbol added to the I.T.A.). There are two distinct ligatures for the voiced and unvoiced "th" sounds in English, and a special merged letter for "ng" resembling ŋ with a loop. symbol set includes joined letters ( typographical ligatures) to replace the two-letter digraphs "wh", "sh", and "ch" of conventional writing, and also ligatures for most of the long vowels. sequences in standard spelling were written with multiple symbols in I.T.A. Consonants written by double letters or "ck", "tch" etc. There were also several different ways of writing unstressed / and consonants palatalized to, ,, by suffixes. symbol for the English unstressed schwa sound, and schwa was written with the same letters used to write full vowel sounds. In particular, there was no separate I.T.A. to standard spelling more difficult), and in order to neutrally represent several English pronunciations or dialects. needlessly different from standard English spelling (which would make the transition from the I.T.A. Each symbol predominantly represented a single English sound (including affricates and diphthongs), but there were complications due to the desire to avoid making the I.T.A. originally had 43 symbols, which was expanded to 44, then 45. Although it achieved a certain degree of popularity in the 1960s, it has fallen out of use. After children had learned to read using I.T.A., they would then eventually move on to learn standard English spelling. It was not intended to be a strictly phonetic transcription of English sounds, or a spelling reform for English as such, but instead a practical simplified writing system which could be used to teach English-speaking children to read more easily than can be done with traditional orthography. or i.t.a.) is a variant of the Latin alphabet developed by Sir James Pitman (the grandson of Sir Isaac Pitman, inventor of a system of shorthand) in the early 1960s. ( August 2010) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations.
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